ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents of South China Sea soft coral Sinularia sp. Methods: Compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were identified on the basis of mass (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral data. Results: Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as cholesterol (1), 3β-hydroxycholest-5-en-7-one (2), 3β-hydroxyergosta-5,24(28)-dien-7-one (3), campesterol (4), 24-methylene- cholesterol (5), ergosterol peroxide (6), axinysterol (7), ergosterol (8), (3β,4α,5α,8β)-4-methylergost-24 (28)-ene-3,8-diol (9), arachidonic acid (10), and methyl arachidonate (11). Conclusion: Compounds 1-9 belong to sterols with three different types, while compounds 10 and 11 are unsaturated lipids. Moreover, compounds 7 and 11 are obtained from the soft corals of genus Sinularia sp. for the first time.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the terpenes of the South China Sea soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophrum. Methods: Subjected to 1H-NMR-guided fractionation, the chemical constituents were isolated and purified using column chromatographies on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their structures were determined through the analysis of spectroscopic data. Results: Eight diterpenes and one sesquiterpene were isolated from the ethyl ether soluble part of acetone extract of S. trocheliophrum and their structures were identified as cembrene A (1), (E,E,E)-7,8-epoxy-1-isopropyl-4,8,12- trimethylcyclotetradeca-l,3,11-triene (2), sarcophytonolide A (3), deacetylemblide (4), 4Z,12Z,14E-sarcophytolide (5), sarcrassin D (6), emblide (7), (4Z,8S,9R,12E,14E)-9-hydroxy-1-isopropyl-8,12-dimethyloxabicyclo [9.3.2]-hexadeca-4,12,14-trien-18-one (8), and β-elemene (9), respectively. Conclusion: Compound 4 is found to be a new natural product, and its 13C-NMR data are recorded for the first time. Moreover, this is the first report that compounds 1, 3, 5, and 8 are obtained from the title soft coral. In bioassay, compound 5 exhibits the moderate human protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity (IC50 = 15.4 μmol/L).
ABSTRACT
The genus Xestospongia is one of the most widespread genera of sponges, containing abundant secondary metatolites with novel structures and potent bioactivities. The main structure types of secondary metatolites found in this genus are alkaloids, quinines, terpens, steroids, lipids, polyketones, etc. These metatolites exhibit a variety of bioactivities, such as cytotoxic, antibacterial and antiviral activities. This paper reviews the progress in the chemistry and pharmacological activities of the second metabolities from sponges of Xestospongia, especially for recent five years, with the aim for further research.
Subject(s)
Animals , Secondary Metabolism , Xestospongia , ChemistryABSTRACT
Soft corals belong to the genus Sinularia, an important group of marine invertebrates widely distributed in the coral reefs of the world ocean, and offer an enormous source of novel and biologically active compounds. More and more scientists choose them for the research program of marine natural products. As reported, Sinularia furnish a wealth of secondary metabolites, like sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, sesquiterpene-diterpene dimers, diterpene dimers, norsesquiterpenes, norditerpenes, norditerpene dimers, meroterpenes, steroids/steroidal glycosides, ceramides, spermidines, and glycolipids, etc. Particularly interesting, these metabolites found from the title genus animals exhibited a wide range of biological activities ranging from antitumor, antifugal, antiviral to anti-inflammatory activities. This paper reviews the progress in the chemistry and pharmacological activities of the second metabolities from Sinularia during the period from 1975 to April 2013, the aim of which is to provide references for further reaserch on the title genus.